Isoniazid

Isoniazid is an anti-TB drug.

Release form and composition

Isoniazid is available in the form of tablets, powder and solution for IV and IM injection.

Isoniazid tablets are available in blisters of 10 pcs., In a cardboard box there are 10 blisters, or in a dark glass jar of 100 pcs.

Isoniazid powder is placed in plastic bags of 25 kg or 50 kg.

Solution for injection 10% Isoniazid is sold in 5 ml ampoules, which are placed in packs of 5 or 10 pcs.

The active substance of the drug Isoniazid - isoniazid.

The tablets contain isoniazid (100 mg, 200 mg or 300 mg) and excipients: polysorbate 80, calcium stearate monohydrate, crospovidone, potato starch.

1 ml of Isoniazid solution contains 100 mg of isoniazid.

Indications for use

Indications for the use of Isoniazid are the following diseases and conditions:

• Active tuberculosis, including tuberculous meningitis (as part of a comprehensive treatment);
• Prevention of tuberculosis in patients who are in close contact with patients with tuberculosis;
• Prevention of tuberculosis in patients with a positive skin reaction to tuberculin and x-ray data that indicate non-progressive tuberculosis;
• Prevention of tuberculosis in children less than 4 years of age who have a positive reaction to tuberculin and an increased risk of dissemination.

Contraindications

Isoniazid is not recommended in the presence of such diseases:

• Pronounced atherosclerosis;
• History of poliomyelitis;
• Epilepsy and susceptibility to convulsive seizures;
• Impaired function of the kidneys and liver.

Isoniazid is not prescribed at a dosage greater than 10 mg / kg for myxedema, eczema and psoriasis in the acute phase, bronchial asthma, diseases of the nervous system, widespread atherosclerosis, ischemic heart disease, hypertension of stage 2-3, pulmonary heart failure stage 3, pregnancy.

Intravenous isoniazid is contraindicated for inflammation of the veins (phlebitis).

Dosing and Administration

Isoniazid is taken orally, intracavernous (into the cavity, which is formed as a result of tissue necrosis), intravenously, intramuscularly, and inhalation.

The dose of the drug and the duration of the course of therapy are determined by the doctor individually for each patient.

Average dosages: orally for adults and adolescents at 15 mg / kg / day, 2-3 times a week, or 300 mg 1 time / day per week. Children use 20-40 mg / kg 2-3 times a week or 10-20 mg / kg 1 time per day.

Intramuscularly, adolescents and adults are given 15 mg / kg 2-3 times a week or mg / kg once a day, children 20-40 mg / kg 2-3 times a week or 10-20 mg / kg 1 time. day.

The daily dose for intracavernous administration is 10-15 mg / kg, with inhalation 5-10 mg / kg is prescribed, divided into two doses.

When taken orally and intravenously, the maximum daily dosage for adults is 300 mg.

For the prevention of tuberculosis, the drug is taken orally at 5-10 mg / kg / day, divided into two doses. The course of prevention is two months.

Side effects

When taking isoniazid may develop the following side effects:

• Dizziness, headache, sometimes - peripheral neuritis, sleep disorders, euphoria, psychosis;
• Nausea and vomiting, drug hepatitis;
• Skin rash, itching;
• Pain in the heart;
• Very rarely - menorrhagia in women and gynecomastia in men.

Side effects usually disappear with a decrease in dosage or a temporary break in the reception of Isoniazid.

special instructions

After the injection of isoiazid, the patient is recommended to stay in bed for 1-1.5 hours.

In order to avoid the rapid development of pathogen resistance, Isoniazid is taken concurrently with other anti-TB drugs.

In order to reduce the side effects, isoniazid is prescribed simultaneously with thiamine (i / m), glutamic acid (oral) or pyridoxine (i / m or oral).

Analogs

Isoniazid products include Zonazid, Tibizid, Tebexin, Rimifon, Rimicd, Pyrazidine, Neotobesen, Isotecidide, Isonizid, Isonicide, Isocutine, Isocotine, Isocutine, Isocutine, Isothiazidine , INH, Chemiazid, Andrazid, Tubazid, GINK.

Terms and conditions of storage

Isoniazid tablets should be stored in a place protected from sunlight at a temperature not higher than 25 ºС, powder - in well-closed glass jars at a temperature not higher than 25 ºС, ampoules - at a temperature not higher than 10 ºС.

Solutions prepared from powder can be stored for no more than 48 hours at temperatures up to 10 ° C.